Overview of the hottest logistics packaging techno

Overview of logistics packaging technology

I. The concept of packaging

packaging is a general term for the work of protecting products in the logistics process, facilitating storage and transportation, promoting sales, and using containers, materials and auxiliary materials to package items and properly pack and mark them according to certain technical methods. In short, packaging is the general term of packaging materials and packaging operations

Second, the status of packaging in logistics

in the process of social reproduction, packaging is at the end of the production process and the beginning of the logistics process, which is both the end of production and the beginning of logistics

before the formation of modern logistics concept, packaging was naturally regarded as the end of production. Therefore, it has always been an activity in the field of production. The design of packaging often starts from the requirements of the end of production, so it often cannot meet the requirements of circulation. Logistics research believes that the relationship between packaging and logistics is much closer than that between packaging and production, and its significance as the starting point of logistics is much greater than that as the end point of production. Therefore, packaging should enter the logistics system, which is a new concept of modern logistics

III. characteristics and functions of packaging

three characteristics of packaging: protection, unit concentration and convenience

the four functions of packaging: protecting goods, facilitating logistics, promoting sales, and facilitating consumption

IV. classification of packaging

packaging can generally be divided into:

Commercial Packaging: it is a packaging with the main purpose of promoting sales. This kind of packaging is characterized by beautiful appearance and necessary decoration. The packaging unit is suitable for the purchase volume of customers and the requirements of store furnishings. In the process of flow, the closer the goods are to customers, the more the packaging is required to promote sales

transportation packaging: refers to the packaging for the purpose of strengthening transportation and protecting products. The important characteristic of transportation packaging is to make the packaging cost as low as possible on the basis of meeting the logistics requirements. Therefore, we must find the best effect between packaging cost and logistics loss

in addition, according to the protection technology of packaging, it can be divided into moisture-proof packaging, rust proof packaging, insect proof packaging, anti-corrosion packaging, shock proof packaging, dangerous goods packaging, etc

v. packaging materials

paper and paper products: kraft paper, cellophane, vegetable parchment, asphalt paper, paperboard, corrugated board

plastics and plastic products: polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, calcium plastic materials

wood and wood products

metal: tinned sheet, coated iron, aluminum alloy

glass, ceramics

composites

logistics packaging technology - packaging container technology

1. Packaging bag

packaging bag is an important technology in flexible packaging. The packaging bag material is flexible material with high toughness, tensile strength and wear resistance. Generally, the structure of the packaging bag is a bobbin structure, one end is sealed in advance, and the other end is sealed after the packaging. The packaging operation generally adopts the filling operation. Packaging bags are widely used for transportation packaging, commercial packaging, internal and external packaging, so they are widely used. Packaging bags are generally divided into the following three types:

(1) container bags. This is a kind of large volume transport packaging bag, with a weight of more than 1 ton. The top of the container bag is generally equipped with metal hangers or rings to facilitate the hoisting and handling of forklifts or cranes. When unloading, you can open the unloading hole at the bottom of the bag, that is, unloading, which is very convenient. It is suitable for shipping granular and powdery goods

container bags are usually made of polypropylene, polyethylene and other polyester fibers. Due to the convenient loading, unloading and handling of container bags, the loading and unloading efficiency has been significantly improved and has developed rapidly in recent years

(2) general transportation packaging bag. The weight of this kind of packaging bag is 0.5-100 kg, most of which are woven fabric bags made of plant fibers or synthetic resin fibers, or multi-layer material packaging bags composed of several layers of flexible materials. For example, gunny bags, straw bags, cement bags, etc. It mainly packages powdery, granular and small goods

(3) small packaging bags (or ordinary packaging bags). This kind of packing bag has less weight and is usually made of single-layer or double-layer materials. For some packaging bags with special requirements, it is also made of multiple layers of different materials. The packaging range is wide, and this kind of packaging can be used for liquid, powder, block and special-shaped objects

among the above innovative R & D, design, production, manufacturing, business and sales modes of packaging, container bags are suitable for transportation packaging, general transportation packaging bags are suitable for outer packaging and transportation packaging, and small packaging bags are suitable for inner packaging, individual packaging and commercial packaging

2. Packing box

packaging box is a packaging technology between rigid and flexible packaging. Packaging materials have certain flexibility, are not easy to deform, have high compressive strength, and their rigidity is higher than that of bagged materials. The packaging structure is a cube with regular geometry, which can also be cut into other shapes, such as round box and sharp corner. Generally, it has small capacity and opening and closing devices. Generally, the packing operation is to code or fill, and then close the opening and closing device. The overall strength of the packaging box is not large, and the packaging volume is not large. It is not suitable for transportation packaging, but for commercial packaging and inner packaging. It is suitable for packaging blocky and various special-shaped items

3. packing box

packaging box is an important type of rigid packaging technology. The packaging material is rigid or semi-rigid, which has high strength and is not easy to deform. The packaging structure is the same as the packaging box, but the volume and shape are larger than the packaging box. The two are usually separated by lo liter. The packaging operation is mainly stacking, and then the opening and closing device is closed or one end is fixed and sealed. The overall strength of the packing box is high, the deformation resistance is strong, and the packaging volume is also large. It is suitable for transportation packaging and outer packaging. The packaging range is wide, and it is mainly used for solid grocery packaging. The main packing boxes are as follows:

(1) corrugated boxes. Corrugated box is a box container made of corrugated cardboard. Technical corrugated boxes are classified into folding corrugated boxes and fixed corrugated boxes, which are widely used in industry and special-shaped corrugated boxes. According to the materials that make up the corrugated box, there are corrugated boxes and calcium plastic corrugated boxes

(2) wooden case. Wooden box is a commonly used packaging container in the field of circulation, and its consumption is second only to corrugated box. There are three kinds of wooden boxes: wooden box, frame box and frame box

① wooden box. Wooden crates are generally used as small transport packaging containers, which can carry a variety of items with different properties. As a transportation packaging container, wooden cases have many advantages, such as resistance to cracking, collapsing and puncture, large pressure resistance, ability to bear large loads, and convenient manufacture. However, the box of the wooden box is heavy and large, and it has no water resistance

② frame plate box. Frame board box is a box frame made of wood and man-made board, and then assembled by nailing

⑧ frame box. The frame box is the frame of the box composed of strips of wood with a certain section, and the frame can also be covered with wood according to needs. There are two forms of such frame boxes. Those without wood cover are called open frame boxes, and those with wood cover are called covered frame boxes. The frame box has a strong frame structure, so it has good earthquake resistance and torsion resistance, has great pressure resistance, and its loading capacity is large

(3) plastic box. It is generally used as a small transport packaging container, which has the advantages of light weight, good corrosion resistance, can load a variety of goods, strong integrity, strength and durability to meet the requirements of repeated use, and can be made into a variety of colors to classify the load. It is convenient to hold and carry, without wood thorns, and is not easy to hurt hands

(4) container. Large volume logistics shipping equipment made of steel or aluminum, from the perspective of packaging, is also a large packaging box, which can be classified into the category of transportation packaging, and it is also a large reusable packaging

4. packaging bottle

packaging bottle is a small container with relatively different neck sizes. It is a kind of rigid packaging. Packaging materials have high deformation resistance, and the requirements for rigidity and toughness are generally high. Individual packaging bottles are between rigid and flexible materials. Although the shape of the bottle can deform to a certain extent when subjected to external forces, once the external forces are removed, the original shape of the bottle can still be restored. The bottle structure is that the neck diameter is much smaller than the bottle body, and the opening is at the top of the neck; The packaging operation is a filling operation, and then the bottle mouth is closed with a bottle cap. The packaging volume of the packaging bottle is generally small, which is suitable for beautification and decoration. It is mainly used for commercial packaging and inner packaging. It mainly packs liquid and powder goods. Packaging bottles can be divided into round bottles, square bottles, high bottles, short bottles, shaped bottles and so on. The capping methods of bottle mouth and cap include screw type, lug type, crown type, enveloping type, etc

5. packaging cans (cans)

packaging can is a kind of packaging container with roughly the same cross-sectional shape at all parts of the can body, short neck, inner diameter of the neck slightly smaller than the inner neck of the can body, or there is no neck at the elongation a of the preset tensile test piece, which is a kind of rigid packaging. The packaging material has high strength and strong deformation resistance of the tank. The packaging operation is the filling operation, and then the can mouth is closed, which can be used for transportation packaging, outer packaging, commercial packaging and inner packaging. There are three main types of packaging cans (cans):

(1) small packaging cans. This is a typical tank, which can be made of metal or non-metal materials. Its capacity is small. It is generally used for sales packaging and inner packaging. The tank can be assembled and beautified in various ways

(2) medium sized cans. The appearance is also a typical tank with large capacity. It is generally used as the outer packaging of chemical raw materials and local specialties for transportation and packaging

(3) container. This is a large tank with cylindrical, spherical and ellipsoidal shapes, both horizontal and vertical. The container tank is usually large with small neck, so the filling operation is adopted, and the filling operation and discharge operation are often not carried out at the same tank mouth. Another unloading outlet is set. Container can is a typical transportation package, suitable for packaging liquid, powder and granular goods

logistics packaging technology - packaging protection technology

1. Shockproof protection technology

shockproof packaging, also known as buffer packaging, plays an important role in various packaging methods. From production to use, products need to go through a series of transportation, storage, stacking and loading and unloading processes, and be placed in a certain environment. In any environment, it will effectively act on the product and cause mechanical damage to the product. In order to prevent products from being damaged, we must try to reduce the impact of external forces. The so-called shockproof packaging refers to the packaging that takes certain protective measures to slow down the impact and vibration of the contents and protect them from damage. There are mainly three methods of shockproof packaging:

(1) comprehensive shockproof packaging method. The overall shockproof packaging method refers to the shockproof packaging method in which shockproof materials are filled between the inner packaging and the outer packaging

(2) some shockproof packaging methods. For products with good integrity and products with internal containers, only use shockproof materials to pad the corners or parts of the products or internal packaging. The packaging materials used mainly include foam shock pads, inflatable plastic film shock pads and rubber springs

(3) suspension shockproof packaging method. For some valuable and vulnerable items, in order to effectively ensure that they will not be damaged in the circulation process, the outer packaging container is relatively solid, and then the packed items are suspended in the packaging container with ropes, belts, springs, etc